Can you prevent large earthquakes by making lots of small ones, or by "lubricating" the fault with water or another material?
Seismologists have observed that for every magnitude 6 earthquake there
are 10 of magnitude 5, 100 of magnitude 4, 1,000 of magnitude 3, and so
forth as the events get smaller and smaller. This sounds like a lot of
small earthquakes, but there are never enough small ones to eliminate
the occasional large event. It would take 32 magnitude 5's, 1000
magnitude 4's, 32,000 magnitude 3's to equal the energy of one
magnitude 6 event. So, even though we always record many more small
events than large ones, there are never enough to eliminate the need
for the occasional large earthquake.
As for "lubricating" faults with water or some other substance,
injecting high pressure fluids deep into the ground is known to be able
to trigger earthquakes to occur sooner than would have been the case
without the injection. However this would be a dangerous pursuit in any
populated area, as one might trigger a damaging earthquake.



